Delayed treatment in such cases may result in various hypertensive emergencies like stroke, heart attack, hypertensive encephalopathy, malignant hypertension, aortic dissection, etc. systolic above 180 mm Hg or diastolic above 110 mm Hg requires immediate medical attention. Symptoms like headache, lightheadedness, palpitations and easy fatigability may occur and chances of them being present increases with increasing blood pressure.Įxtremely high levels of blood pressure, i.e. Hypertension is often asymptomatic in the early course of disease. Lifestyle modifications are also necessary, but often it is not sufficient for satisfactory control of blood pressure. Stage 1 and Stage 2 hypertensions require therapy with anti-hypertensive drugs to bring down the blood pressure. Lifestyle modifications, if followed sincerely, are helpful and often bring down the blood pressure within the normal range. Prehypertension is asymptomatic and currently anti-hypertensive drugs are not used for its treatment. Drug therapy can be used if such hypotension is not amenable to these measures. Borderline BP with no obvious cause can be treated with increased salt and water intake, regular mild exercises, cutting down on alcohol, etc.). Unlike hypertension, hypotension is more likely to be due to a primary cause (dehydration, heart disease, drugs, endocrine disease, etc.) and thus therapy is often aimed at treating the primary cause.
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Systolic BP lower than 90 mm Hg or diastolic BP lower than 60 mm Hg is considered low blood pressure or hypotension. However, self-medications to reduce the blood pressure further should never be attempted. So even if one has a blood pressure of 118/78 mm Hg, adopting a healthier lifestyle (quitting smoking, reducing alcohol, reducing weight if obese, exercises, reduced salt intake, healthier diet, etc.) is a good choice. Even in this range, the lower blood pressure is better. Normal systolic blood pressure is 90 to 119 mm of Hg and normal diastolic blood pressure is 60 to 79 mm Hg. BP needs to be lowered urgently with special Anti-hypertensive regimens.Ĭomplications (stroke, heart attack, encephalopathy, etc.) managed accordingly.Īnti-hypertensive medications + Life style modifications afterwards for maintaining BP Symptoms variable depending upon the specific type of hypertensive emergency. if only elevated blood pressure present and no complications have occurred yet. Other symptoms depending upon the complications.Īnti-hypertensive medications + Life style modifications
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Table 1: Blood Pressure Classification according to JNC 7Ībove symptoms more likely than Stage 1.
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Another table below the first one gives the blood pressure chart with different categories of the blood pressure, symptoms and the treatment. (Image: .uk ) Lupin is following the same advice and tells patients on the drugs to continue taking their medication and contact either a pharmacist, physician or a. Stratification of the blood pressure readings into different categories is important because of increasing severity of high blood pressure readings and different approach to the treatment of these conditions. The most widely used classification of blood pressure readings currently is given in the table below.